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Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij
Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij (KPM) (Royal Packet Navigation Company) was a Dutch shipping company (1888–1966) in the Netherlands East Indies. It maintained the connections between the islands of Indonesia, and supported the unification of the Dutch colony economy as the Netherlands expanded its territory across the Indonesian archipelago. The company brought inter-island commerce through the capital, Batavia (now Jakarta) rather than to Singapore, which shifted economic activity to Java. With independence and establishment of Indonesia as a nation the company, after competing with the national Pelayaran Nasional Indonesia (National Indonesian Shipping) line and being taken over by trade union laborers on 3 December 1957, was faced with nationalization and moved its headquarters and international shipping assets to Singapore in 1958. From that base the company bought control of Maatschappij Zeetransport (Oranje Lijn) of Rotterdam entering a less than successful effort for the European-Canadian trade whereupon Oranje Lijn shares were sold and the company liquidated. KPM itself continued until January 1, 1967, when it merged with the Koninklijke Java China Paketvaart Lijnen (KJCPL) of Amsterdam. Crews and ships continued service with other lines until finally all former KPM elements were taken over by Nedlloyd in 1977.
==Pre-World War II==
The line's routes, beyond the home islands, included services to the ports of Singapore and Hong Kong, Shanghai, Manila, Saigon; the Australian ports of Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide; African ports such as Durban, East London, Port Elizabeth, Mossel Bay, Cape Town, Zanzibar, Mombasa, and the Indian Ocean ports of Réunion and Mauritius and Mahé.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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